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Indications
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| Sedation
Ultrasound Indications
- Ascites: Both abdominal
and echocardiographic exam indicated to R/O common causes of right-sided heart
failure, abdominal neoplasia, and hollow organ rupture.
- Heart murmurs: Congenital
and acquired murmurs, assess function of cardiac muscle to guide treatment
and establish prognosis, color flow and pulse wave Doppler can quantify degree
of stenosis or insufficiency, recheck for treatment progress.
- Muffled heart auscultation:
R/O pericardial effusion, cardiomegaly, heart base and atrial tumors, pericardiocentesis.
- Coughing: R/O cardiac
cause of cough.
- Syncope: Diagnosis of
cardiac disease, pulmonary hypertension.
- Exercise intolerance
- Jaundice: Diagnosis
of hepatic and post-hepatic cholestasis.
- Abdominal mass: Presurgical
determination of organ of origin, presence or absence of metastases, biopsy
for diagnosis.
- Organomegaly: Determine
organ of origin, biopsy for specific diagnosis to determine treatment and
prognosis.
- Pleural effusion: R/O
mediastinal tumors, cysts, mediastinitis; lung lobe torsion, pleuritis, pleural
and pulmonary neoplasia.
- Hematuria/stranguria:
R/O radiolucent uroliths, renoliths, bladder tumor, polyps, diverticula.
- Chronic vomiting: R/O
intestinal tumor, foreign body, IBD, intussusception, chronic and acute pancreatitis.
- Weight loss: search
for occult neoplasia, causes for chronic vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and
proteinuria.
- Persistent anorexia:
pancreatitis, neoplasia, other.
- Abdominal distension:
Organomegaly, peritoneal effusion, pregnancy, guided abdominocentesis.
- Vaginal discharge: pyometra
with inconclusive radiographs, pregnancy.
- Persistent estrus: Ovarian
cyst.
- Abdominal discomfort:
pancreatitis, gall bladder disease, neoplasia, organ distension, peritoneal
disease, other.
Radiographic
- Cardiomegaly (differentiate
cardiac disease from pericardial effusion, peritoneal-pericardial hernias)
- Pleural effusion
- Pulmonary edema (differentiate
cardiac cough from respiratory cough)
- Ascites
- Organomegaly
- Suspicious mass densities
Calculi (renal, urinary, gall bladder)
Diagnostic/Therapeutic
Procedures
- Pericardiocentesis
- Cystocentesis
- Fine needle aspirates
of organs, masses
- Abdominocentesis
- Ultrasound guided Tru-Cut
biopsies
- Metastasis search prior
to surgery
- Echocardiographic measurement
of cardiac function
- Measurement of masses
- Measurement of abdominal
organs
Common Diagnostic Conditions
- Neoplasia/Metastasis
- Splenic disorders
- Cardiac Disease
- Bladder Tumors/Cystitis
- Pancreatitis (abscess
and pancreatic cyst search, ruling out neoplasia, gauging progress )
- Pyometra (confirmation
where radiographs are equivocal)
- Intussusception
- Effusions
- Cholestasis (Choleliths,
extra hepatic duct obstruction, etc)
- Hydronephrosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Hepatic enlargement
- Suspected Adrenal Tumors
- Pregnancy/Fetal viability
- Ascite
Endoscopic Indications
- Esophagoscopy: foreign
bodies, regurgitation, dysphagia, melena
- Gastroscopy: Foreign
body removal, chronic vomiting, any episode of blood in vomit, melena
- Duodenoscopy: chronic
vomiting, foreign body, hematemesis, melena
- Colonoscopy: chronic
large bowel diarrhea, hematochezia, tenesmus
- Rhinoscopy: chronic
sneezing, nasal discharge, epistaxis, facial distortion, reverse sneeze, foreign
body removal
- Laryngoscopy: voice
change, noisy breathing, difficult breathing, chronic cough
- Tracheobronchoscopy:
Collapsing trachea, chronic cough, unexplained chest X-Ray findings, foreign
body retrieval
- Vaginoscopy: vaginal
masses, vaginal discharge
- Cystoscopy: hematuria,
stranguria, urinary incontinence, bladder masses, urinary obstruction, non-surgical
removal of bladder stones
- Fistuloscopy: investigation
of chronic draining tracts for foreign bodies
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